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Suction Catheter

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- Importance Of Suction Catheters In Medical Procedures

Suction catheters play an important role in various medical procedures. They are used to remove secretions, fluids and other obstructions from the airway or wound. Using a suction catheter helps to prevent blockages that can interfere with breathing, swallowing or healing. In medical conditions such as pneumonia, pulmonary edema or bronchitis, suction catheters are used to clear the lungs and air passages, allowing the patient to breathe more easily. They are also used during surgeries and other medical procedures, such as tracheostomy or gastrostomy, to prevent complications caused by the accumulation of secretions or fluids.

In short, suction catheters are crucial instruments that help to ensure smooth and safe medical procedures, and their importance cannot be overstated.

- Purpose Of The Essay

The purpose of an essay is to communicate a message or an idea to the reader. It can be used to persuade, inform or entertain the reader, depending on the writer's intention. The key to writing a successful essay is to have a clear understanding of the topic and to organize the ideas in a logical and coherent manner. A well-written essay should have a clearly defined thesis statement that outlines the main argument or point of the essay. Additionally, it should be supported by evidence, examples, and a well-crafted structure that helps the reader to follow the flow of ideas throughout the essay.

Ultimately, the purpose of an essay is to leave a lasting impression on the reader, whether it be to challenge their thinking, prompt them to take action, or simply provide a new perspective on a particular topic.

Types Of Suction Catheters

Suction catheters are medical devices used to remove secretions, blood or other bodily fluids from the respiratory tract or other areas of the body. There are several types of suction catheters available, each designed for use in particular situations. One common type is the yankauer suction catheter, which is used to suction large amounts of fluid or blood from the mouth or throat during surgery or post-operative care. Another type is the closed system suction catheter, which is used to suction secretions from the lower respiratory tract of patients who are on mechanical ventilation.

This type of catheter is designed to reduce the risk of infection by minimizing exposure to the surrounding environment. There are also flexible suction catheters, which are used to suction secretions from the nose or throat during respiratory distress, and rigid suction catheters, which are used to suction secretions from the trachea or nasopharynx, especially in emergency situations. The choice of suction catheter depends on the patient's condition, the area requiring suctioning, and the amount of suctioning required.

Flexible Catheters

Flexible catheters and suction catheters are medical devices used to support different healthcare procedures. Flexible catheters are designed to be softer and more flexible than traditional catheters, which makes them suitable for a range of medical procedures, such as urinary catheterization and venous access. They are typically made from materials such as silicone, rubber, or plastic, which ensure their flexibility and comfort for the patient. On the other hand, suction catheters are used to remove secretions from the airway, typically in intubated or ventilated patients.

Suction catheters come in various sizes, depending on the age and size of the patient, and can be rigid or flexible. Flexible suction catheters are often preferred for neonates, as they are less likely to cause damage to the sensitive mucous membranes in the airway. Overall, both flexible catheters and suction catheters play a critical role in modern healthcare, supporting a range of procedures and ensuring the safety and comfort of patients.

Open Suction Systems

An open suction system is a type of medical device used to clear excess secretions or fluids from a patient's airway. It consists of a suction catheter connected to a suction source, such as a vacuum system. When used properly, an open suction system can help prevent or treat conditions such as pneumonia, atelectasis, or respiratory distress. However, the use of an open suction system also comes with some risks, such as introducing bacteria into the patient's airway or causing trauma to delicate lung tissues.

Therefore, healthcare providers must take strict infection prevention measures and use the correct techniques when performing suctioning procedures. It is important to note that newer devices such as closed suction systems have been developed to address some of the limitations of open suction systems, but they may not be available in all healthcare facilities. Ultimately, the decision to use an open suction system should be made on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the patient's individual needs and the provider's clinical judgment.

Reusable Catheters

Reusable catheters are medical devices that are designed to be used multiple times. One type of reusable catheter is the suction catheter, which is used to remove secretions or other substances from the airways of patients who are unable to cough effectively. Suction catheters are often used in patients who are intubated or have a tracheostomy. These catheters are typically made of silicone or rubber and can be sterilized between uses. The use of reusable catheters can help to reduce waste and lower healthcare costs, but it is important to ensure that these devices are properly cleaned and sterilized to prevent the spread of infection.

Always consult with a healthcare professional for proper use and care guidance of any medical devices.

Indications For Suction Catheterization

Suction catheterization is a medical procedure where a catheter is used to suction out secretions or fluids that have accumulated within the body. In the context of respiratory care, suction catheterization is often used to clear secretions from the airway in patients who are unable to clear these secretions on their own. The indications for suction catheterization may include patients with acute respiratory distress, those who have undergone surgery, or those who are otherwise unable to clear secretions due to a medical condition.

Effective use of suction catheterization requires careful attention to proper technique and adherence to established guidelines to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes.

- Conditions That Require Suctioning

There are certain conditions that may require suctioning to help clear the airway of secretions and maintain a patient's respiratory function. One such condition is pneumonia, which can cause excessive mucus production and difficulty breathing. Another condition is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can cause persistent coughing and mucus buildup in the airways. Patients with neuromuscular disorders, such as muscular dystrophy or ALS, may also require suctioning due to poor muscle control and weakened cough reflex.

Additionally, patients undergoing certain procedures, such as endotracheal intubation, may require suctioning to remove secretions that can accumulate in the airway. Proper suctioning techniques are important to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.

- Signs That A Patient Needs Suctioning

Suctioning is a medical procedure that involves the removal of mucus and other secretions from a patient's airways. This procedure is typically performed on patients who are unable to clear their airways themselves, such as those with respiratory illness, post-surgery or intubation. If you are monitoring a patient and notice any of the following signs, it may indicate that suctioning is necessary:1. Ineffective cough: An ineffective cough is one that is not able to clear the airways of mucus and secretions.

It may sound weak or raspy and require repeated effort.2. Increased respiratory rate: An increase in respiratory rate is a sign that a patient is in distress and may be having difficulty breathing. This can be a sign that their airways are blocked and suctioning may be necessary.3. Abnormal lung sounds: If you hear abnormal lung sounds during auscultation, such as wheezing or crackles, this may indicate that the patient has mucus or secretions in their airways.4. Low oxygen saturation: A low oxygen saturation level indicates that the patient is not getting enough oxygen, which can be caused by an obstruction in the airways.

Suctioning may be necessary to remove the obstruction and improve oxygenation.5. Increased work of breathing: If a patient is working harder to breathe, using their accessory muscles, or experiencing retractions, they may be having difficulty clearing their airways.If you notice any of these signs, it is important to consult with the patient's healthcare provider and make a decision on whether suctioning is necessary. Patients with chronic respiratory conditions or those who are intubated may require suctioning more frequently, as they may have difficulty clearing their airways on their own.

- Risks And Benefits Of Suction Catheterization

Suction catheterization is a medical procedure used to remove secretions from the airways of patients who are unable to clear them themselves. This procedure carries both risks and benefits that healthcare providers should consider before performing it on a patient. One of the benefits of suction catheterization is that it can help clear the airways and improve breathing, which can be life-saving in some circumstances. However, it's important to note that the procedure can also cause trauma to the airway tissues and increase the risk of infection.

Additionally, incorrect use of suction catheters or using the wrong size of catheter can also cause further complications. Therefore, before performing suction catheterization, healthcare providers should weigh the potential risks against the benefits and ensure that the procedure is performed correctly and safely. Proper training and education can greatly reduce the risks associated with suction catheterization and ensure that the benefits are realized for those who need it.

Procedure For Suctioning

Suctioning is a common medical procedure used to clear airway secretions from the throat and lungs of patients who are experiencing difficulty breathing. The procedure involves the use of a suction catheter, which is a thin tube inserted through the patient's nose or mouth and down into the airway. The suction catheter is connected to a machine that creates negative pressure, which sucks the secretions out of the airway and into a container.The procedure for suctioning begins with preparing the patient and the equipment.

The healthcare provider must first explain the procedure to the patient and obtain consent. The provider must then gather the necessary equipment, which includes gloves, suction catheters of appropriate size, suction machine and tubing. The suction catheter is selected based on the size of the patient's airway and the potential amount of secretions that need to be suctioned.Once the equipment is ready, the patient is positioned in a comfortable, upright position to allow for easier access to the airway.

The healthcare provider then puts on sterile gloves and lubricates the tip of the suction catheter with sterile saline or water. The catheter is then gently inserted into the patient's nose or mouth and passed down into the airway until resistance is met.At this point, suction is applied by turning on the suction machine, and the catheter is slowly withdrawn while applying intermittent suction. The provider must be careful not to suction for too long or too hard, as this can damage the fragile tissues in the airway.

After suctioning, the catheter is removed, and the patient is allowed to rest for a few minutes before the procedure is repeated if necessary. Throughout the procedure, the healthcare provider must maintain a sterile environment and monitor the patient's vital signs to ensure their safety.In conclusion, suctioning is an important procedure in maintaining airway patency in patients who need assistance with breathing. The procedure requires proper preparation and technique to ensure its effectiveness and to minimize the risk of complications.

- Sterile Technique

Sterile technique is an essential procedure in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infection. It involves a set of practices that aim to maintain a sterile environment during medical procedures, such as surgery or the insertion of catheters. Sterile technique includes hand hygiene, wearing sterile gloves and gowns, and using sterile instruments and equipment. Healthcare providers need to be trained in sterile technique, and the procedures must be performed in a designated sterile area. Proper sterile technique can prevent infections, reduce complications, and ultimately lead to better patient outcomes.

Therefore, it is crucial to follow and maintain strict sterile technique protocols in healthcare settings to ensure the safety and well-being of both patients and healthcare providers.

- Equipment Needed

Sure, I can help you write a paragraph about the equipment needed for a certain task or project. Here is a sample paragraph: To complete the project, several pieces of equipment are needed. These include a power drill, a saw, a measuring tape, and a level, among others. The power drill is essential for attaching screws and fastening bolts, while the saw is used for cutting materials to the desired length. The measuring tape is necessary for ensuring precise cuts and measurements, and the level is used to ensure that structures are perfectly level and plumb.

Additional equipment such as safety goggles, earmuffs, and gloves may be required depending on the nature of the project and the type of work involved. I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.

- Step-By-Step Process For Suctioning

Suctioning is a medical procedure used to remove secretions from a patient's airway, improving their ability to breathe. Here is a step-by-step process for suctioning:1. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to prevent the spread of infection.2. Ensure that you have all the equipment you need such as a suction catheter, suction machine, gloves, sterile water, and a container to discard secretions.3. Check the suction machine and catheter for proper function and correct size before you start.

4. Explain the procedure to the patient and ensure their cooperation.5. Put on the gloves to prevent contamination.6. Depending on the type of suctioning procedure you are performing, place the catheter either through the nose or the mouth and guide it carefully down the throat towards the lungs.7. Once the catheter reaches the lungs, turn on the suction machine and gently pull out the catheter while rotating it to remove any secretions.8. Use sterile water to clear the catheter and repeat the suctioning process if necessary until the airway is clear.

9. Turn off the suction machine and remove the catheter.10. Discard any used equipment and dispose of the secretions in the container.11. Remove your gloves and wash your hands thoroughly.While suctioning is a basic procedure, it is important to follow these steps carefully to ensure the patient's safety and avoid any complications.

Complications Of Suctioning

Suctioning is a common medical procedure used to remove respiratory secretions or other bodily fluids from a patient's airway or other areas of the body. While suctioning can be an effective way to clear the airway of a patient who is having difficulty breathing or to remove excess bodily fluids in other areas, the procedure itself carries certain risks and potential complications.Some of the complications that may arise from suctioning include damage to the mucus membrane lining of the airway, bleeding, infection, and hypoxemia.

Damage to the mucus membrane can result in scarring or narrowing of the airway, which can lead to further respiratory issues down the line. Bleeding can occur if the suction catheter is inserted too deeply or if the patient has an underlying condition that causes bleeding.Infection is also a risk, as the procedure can introduce bacteria into the airway or other areas of the body. Finally, hypoxemia, or a lack of oxygen in the body's tissues, can occur if the patient's oxygen levels are not monitored closely during the procedure or if the suctioning is performed for too long a period of time.

While suctioning can be an important tool in treating certain medical conditions, healthcare providers must remain vigilant for the potential complications that may arise from the procedure. Proper training and monitoring can help to minimize these risks and ensure that patients receive the care they need while minimizing harm.

- Trauma To Airway

Trauma to the airway can result in a range of serious complications and injuries. Injuries to the airway can be caused by various factors, such as falls, accidents, and physical assaults. Trauma to the airway can cause damage to the respiratory system, leading to difficulties in breathing, shortness of breath, and even respiratory failure. Injuries to the airway can also result in damage to the lungs, which can be life-threatening. The severity of the injuries to the airway depends on the degree of trauma and the extent of damage to the respiratory system.

Immediate medical attention is required in cases of trauma to the airway to prevent further complications and to ensure prompt treatment.

- Hypoxemia

Hypoxemia is a condition where the oxygen levels in the blood are abnormally low. This can be caused by various factors such as lung diseases, pulmonary embolism, and even high altitudes. In some cases, suction catheters may be used to remove secretions that are blocking the airway and contributing to hypoxemia. Suction catheters are medical devices that are used to clear mucus and other secretions from the airway to improve breathing. It is important to use suction catheters properly as improper use can lead to complications such as trauma to the airway and infection.

Therefore, it is crucial to seek medical advice and assistance to properly manage hypoxemia and use suction catheters safely.

- Infection

Infections can have a serious impact on health, and it is important to take appropriate measures to prevent and treat them. One common medical procedure that carries a risk of infection is the use of a suction catheter. Suction catheters are used to remove secretions, mucus, or other fluids from the body, typically from the airways or respiratory tract. While they can be a helpful tool in treating certain medical conditions, they also present a risk of introducing harmful bacteria or other infectious agents into the body.

To prevent infection, healthcare providers must take great care to follow proper hygiene and sanitation protocols when using suction catheters. This may include wearing gloves and other personal protective equipment, sterilizing equipment before and after use, and carefully monitoring patients for signs of infection or other complications. Additionally, patients who have undergone suctioning may require antibiotic treatment if an infection does occur.Overall, while suction catheters can be a helpful tool in treating certain medical conditions, it is important to take appropriate measures to minimize the risk of infection when using them.

Healthcare providers should be well-trained in the proper use and sterilization of these devices, and patients should be monitored closely for signs of infection or other complications.

- Prevention And Management Of Complications

Prevention and management of complications is a vital aspect of healthcare. Complications can occur as a result of various factors, such as underlying medical conditions, surgical procedures, or infections. It is important to take proactive measures to prevent these complications from occurring in the first place. This includes measures such as proper hygiene, vaccination, and regular health checkups.If a complication does occur, it is important to manage it effectively in order to prevent further harm to the patient.

This may involve medical interventions such as medications, surgery, or physical therapy. Additionally, the patient may require emotional and psychological support in order to cope with the stress and anxiety that can come with the management of complications.Proper education and training of healthcare professionals is also crucial in the prevention and management of complications. By staying up-to-date with the latest research and best practices, healthcare professionals can provide the highest quality of care to their patients, and help to minimize the risk of complications occurring in the first place.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the suction catheter is a commonly used medical device for the removal of respiratory secretions from the airways of patients. It is a flexible tube that is inserted through the nose or mouth, and down into the trachea. The catheter is then used to suction out mucus, bacteria, and other fluids that can impede breathing or cause infection. The effectiveness of the suction catheter depends largely on the skill of the healthcare provider performing the procedure, as well as proper use and maintenance of the device.

While the suction catheter is a valuable tool in the management of respiratory issues, it is important to note that improper use can result in injury or other complications. Therefore, it is vital that healthcare professionals are trained in the proper use of the suction catheter and adhere to established guidelines to ensure patient safety and positive outcomes.

Suction catheters are medical devices that are used to clear airways of mucus, blood or other secretions. These catheters are flexible tubes that are inserted into the airway through the nose, mouth or tracheostomy to suction out the unwanted secretions. They are typically used in hospitals, clinics, and home healthcare settings to help patients breathe more easily. Suction catheters come in different sizes and shapes to suit different patients and situations. Some suction catheters have a smooth tip that is less traumatic to delicate tissues, while others have a slightly angled or curved tip for easier insertion.

Suction catheters are usually made of non-toxic materials such as plastic or rubber, and can be single-use or reusable depending on the intended use.To use a suction catheter, the healthcare professional first applies suction pressure to the tubing and then inserts the catheter into the airway. They then gently suction out the mucus or secretions from the airway. This process is repeated until the airway is clear and the patient is able to breathe comfortably.In summary, suction catheters are important medical devices that help clear airways of mucus, blood or other secretions.

They are commonly used in healthcare settings to improve patient breathing and are available in different sizes and shapes to suit different patients and situations.

The Rolls-Royce Spectre Electric is A Massive, Fantastically Modern Coupe

Rolls-Royce has gone through several revolutions during the last few decades. The 2003 Phantom was the first Rolls-Royce developed under BMW ownership and the brand's first really new model in decades. The smaller and sportier variants, as well as the Black Badge vehicles, debuted in the early 2010s. The Cullinan, Rolls' first SUV, debuted in 2018 and was an instant success. However, Rolls-Royce is undergoing its most profound transformation since its founding in 1906. The Spectre, Rolls-Royce's first completely electric production car, was unveiled on Tuesday and will go on sale in 2023.

Despite resembling the now-dead Wraith in general shape and profile, Rolls-Royce considers the Spectre as the spiritual heir to the of the 2000s in terms of market positioning, and it's undoubtedly imposing in stature. Its overall length of 214.6 inches and wheelbase of 126.3 inches are 7.2 and 3.8 inches longer than a Wraith, respectively, while the Phantom Drophead is 6.2 and 4.4 inches longer than a Spectre. The Spectre's fastback roofline is similar to the Wraith's, but the EV has considerably more dramatic proportions with a longer hood and rear overhang, as well as a sharper rear trunklid. The Spectre also has the sharpest lines and surfacing of any Rolls-Royce, with fender lines reaching sharply illuminated peaks and more dramatic shadows falling on the bodywork.

The Spectre has Rolls-Royce's sleekest Pantheon grille yet, constructed from a single piece of aluminum and fitting nearly flush into the front end. It also has the biggest grille ever seen on a Rolls-Royce, and the inner vanes have a flusher fit that improves airflow. The hood is topped with a revised Spirit of Ecstasy hood ornament, which contributes to the Spectre being the most aerodynamic Rolls-Royce ever built, with a drag coefficient of 0.26 equaling the radical. Rolls-Royce is the latest automaker to use a split headlight design, which I believe works well on the Spectre. The top of the grille and fender cutlines are aligned with a super-thin LED running light, while the primary beams are inset below in a sculpted panel. Remember that the 2003 Phantom and its offshoots had two headlamp arrays that seemed strange at first. Best of all, the sandblasting grille vanes are lighted by 22 LEDs.

The Spectre's futuristic appearance is aided by blocky lower air intakes in the front bumper, a sleek rear diffuser, and gloss black lower cladding. The taillights are tiny rectangular pods with dual vertical LED stripes that protrude from the bodywork like vintage tail fins -- I love tail fins on pretty much any car -- and the Spectre even has a bit of a Bangle butt in the way the trunk is more upright than the fenders that house the taillights. Rolls-Royce also chose an unusual color scheme for the Spectre, with glittering mustard yellow bodywork and metallic black accents on the bonnet, roof, and upper trunk. The two-tone design makes the Spectre appear sleeker and, dare I say, more sci-fi.

The Spectre is constructed on the same modular Architecture of Luxury platform that has served as the foundation for everything from the Cullinan and Ghost to the Phantom and the outrageous coachbuilt Boat Tail since 2017. Rolls-Royce built the all-aluminum Architecture of Luxury from the start to be ready for totally electric powertrains. The battery is integrated into the frame, making the Spectre 30% stiffer than any previous Rolls, and the floor is between the sills rather than below or on top. A conduit for electrical and climate control pipework runs between the battery and the floor, allowing for a lower seating position and a smooth subfloor. The battery also serves as 1,543 pounds of soundproofing.

Whereas other brands are competing to see who can achieve the fastest 0-to-60 time or the longest EPA range, the Spectre harkens back to a time when Rolls-Royce merely described its cars' power figures as "adequate." While the brand hasn't confirmed it, the Spectre is anticipated to feature two electric motors, one at each axle for all-wheel drive. According to Rolls' current testing, the unnamed electric motors produce 577 horsepower and 664 pound-feet of torque – fortunately, the same torque output as the Ghost Black Badge's twin-turbo V12, but with 14 fewer hp. The Spectre is expected to have a 0-to-60-mph time of 4.4 seconds, which is a tenth faster than the Ghost, and a top speed of 155 mph. (A stronger Black Badge model will be released later.) We don't yet know the precise battery size, but Rolls-Royce claims the Spectre will have an EPA-estimated range of up to 260 miles, which is 14 miles longer than a Porsche Taycan GTS.

The riding quality, on the other hand, could not possibly be satisfactory. Even with the Spectre's optional (and magnificent looking) 23-inch wheels, the first time 23s have been fitted to a Rolls in nearly 100 years, Rolls-Royce's characteristic "magic carpet ride" had to be preserved. The Spectre features the most recent iteration of the brand's Planar suspension for the ultimate ride. When the car detects a pothole or undulation ahead, the Spectre may instantly decouple its anti-roll bars, allowing each wheel to move separately and eliminating the side-to-side motion that you would normally experience. When the sensors and GPS in the Spectre identify a curve ahead, the system recouples the anti-roll bars, stiffens the dampers, and readies the four-wheel steering system for the optimal entry angle. There are 18 sensors in total that monitor the Spectre's braking, power, steering, and suspension inputs, constantly modifying everything for better control and a smoother ride.

All of that calm pervades the cabin, which takes less risks with the overall design – after all, it does need to feel familiar to traditional Rolls-Royce drivers. But, as is characteristic with recent Goodwood products from the modern period, there are more than enough features that have me foaming at the mouth. The dashboard is trimmed in real aluminum, leather, and wood, with historic design elements like round metal air vents, physical climate knobs, and organ-pull controls remaining. Thankfully, there's a large center screen running a new infotainment system that appears to be based on BMW's iDrive 7 (the rotary knob on the center console matches, too).

The Spectre, like the Wraith, has a four-seat layout with a fixed rear center console that divides the sculpted bucket seats. Given the lack of a transmission tunnel, it appears technically plausible that Rolls-Royce may offer a five-seat arrangement, something that the Wraith and Dawn never had. (Neither the Phantom Coupe nor the Drophead did.) The front seats are significantly more modern, with redesigned lapel parts for enhanced contrast and inspired by British tailoring. The gauge cluster, which is totally digital for the first time in a Spectre, is where the interior becomes really creative. Rolls hasn't revealed any specifics yet, but the gauges appear current while paying respect to old watch-like devices. Don't worry, there's still a physical clock in the dash adjacent to the huge passenger trim panel, which has a fantastic lit design on this Spectre.

The one feature that actually matters on a Rolls-Royce, according to myself and countless of other devoted enthusiasts around the world, is the Starlight headliner, and the Spectre takes its execution to another galaxy. The Starlight option, which is made up of thousands of fiber-optic cable hand-stitched into the headliner, is so desired by customers that it increases the value of a used Rolls-Royce by multiple times the original cost of the option if fitted – already close to $20,000 – and it's imitated by many aftermarket tuners. The Spectre is obviously available with the Starlight headliner, but it is now also available with Starlight doors. The 4,796 individual stars on the curving door panels are organized in a novel form of pattern that gives the overall Starlight effect a globe-shaped 3D effect, similar to being in a planetarium. Rolls-Royce claims the Starlight doors are the most technologically advanced feature in its Bespoke division's history -- a lot of superlatives with this car, right? The Starlight doors, like the existing Starlight headliner, should be personalizable, so you may make the cabin's stars look like the real-life stars did on the night Cher was born. At the very least, that's what I'd do.

The Spectre's base price will be somewhere between the Cullinan (about $350,000) and the Phantom (approximately $460,000), according to Rolls-Royce, who isn't ready to talk pricing specifics just yet. However, Rolls-Royce does not sell any cars at their base price, or even close to it. The Spectre, like every modern Rolls-Royce before it, will be virtually indefinitely customisable -- the brand provides over 44,000 paint hues alone, as well as the opportunity to design your own.

With the start of 2023 only two months away, many high-end luxury manufacturers, such as Bentley with the EXP 100 GT and Mercedes-Maybach with the EQS, are merely exhibiting electric car concepts, while others, such as Bugatti and Ferrari, are only talking about eventual EV timeframes. But Rolls-Royce, usually one of the world's most staid and slow-to-change automakers, has arrived with its production EV. The first customers have already selected their specifications, and deliveries are scheduled to begin in the fourth quarter of 2023. Rolls-Royce understands that the future of the luxury car is electric, and by 2030, every car it sells will be totally electric.

There is one production EV that will enter production just a few months after the Spectre and will be its sole true opponent for the time being, but it comes from an unexpected brand:. Cadillac debuted the production version of its Celestiq EV on Monday night, a massive four-door fastback with an art deco interior that will be totally hand-built and constructed to order in Michigan for at least $300,000. As much as I despise being cheesy and admitting the cliche, we're in the midst of another roaring '20s, and it's really amazing that Rolls-Royce and Cadillac are already at the vanguard of electrified luxury.

What Is Mesothelioma

- Brief History Of The Disease

A brief history of the disease can help to provide context and understanding of the condition. For example, it can shed light on how the disease was discovered and how it has been treated over time. It can also provide insight into the cultural and social factors that have shaped our understanding of the disease. Historical accounts can reveal how the disease was perceived in the past, as well as how it has impacted different populations over time. Understanding the history of the disease can assist in developing effective treatment strategies and improving public health outcomes.

Ultimately, having a clear understanding of the history of a disease is an essential part of research and development for improving human health.

- General Statistics On Mesothelioma Cases

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that affects the mesothelium, a thin layer of tissue that covers many internal organs. Most cases of mesothelioma are caused by exposure to asbestos, a mineral fiber that was widely used in industries such as construction, shipbuilding, and manufacturing until the late 1970s. According to general statistics, mesothelioma is a relatively rare cancer, with fewer than 3,000 cases diagnosed in the United States each year. However, the prognosis for mesothelioma is generally poor, with a low survival rate and limited treatment options.

Despite efforts to reduce exposure to asbestos, many workers and individuals continue to be diagnosed with mesothelioma each year, highlighting the ongoing need for continued awareness and prevention measures.

Causes Of Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the lining of the lungs, abdomen, or heart. Its primary cause is exposure to asbestos, which is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in construction and manufacturing in the 20th century due to its heat-resistant properties. When asbestos fibers are inhaled, they can become lodged in the lining of the lungs or other organs and cause inflammation and scarring, leading to the development of mesothelioma. Other risk factors for mesothelioma may include exposure to other environmental toxins or a family history of the disease.

The symptoms of mesothelioma can take several decades to appear after asbestos exposure, which can make it difficult to diagnose and treat. Currently, there is no known cure for mesothelioma, although treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy may be effective in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. Efforts are also underway to develop new treatments and improve early detection methods for this devastating disease.

- Exposure To Asbestos

Exposure to asbestos is a significant concern in many industries, including construction, shipbuilding, and manufacturing. Inhalation of asbestos fibers can lead to serious health problems, including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Unfortunately, many workers may not realize they have been exposed until years later when symptoms begin to appear. It is important for employers to take steps to minimize exposure, such as providing protective equipment and adhering to recommended exposure limits.

Additionally, workers should be educated about the risks of asbestos and how to properly handle and dispose of materials containing asbestos. Asbestos is a hazardous material that requires careful handling to ensure the safety of workers and the general public.

- Identifying High-Risk Jobs For Asbestos Exposure

Identifying high-risk jobs for asbestos exposure is a critical aspect of occupational health and safety. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was frequently used in a variety of products, including construction materials, brake pads, and insulation. When asbestos fibers are released into the air, they can be inhaled and lead to serious health problems, such as lung cancer and mesothelioma. Workers in certain industries are at a higher risk of asbestos exposure, including those that work in the construction, automotive, and manufacturing sectors.

Additionally, maintenance and demolition workers who come into contact with asbestos-containing materials are also at risk. It is vital that employers and workers take steps to identify and mitigate the risk of asbestos exposure in order to promote a safe and healthy work environment. Regular risk assessments and proper training on handling asbestos-containing materials can go a long way in preventing exposure and protecting worker health.

- The Role Of Secondary Asbestos Exposure

Asbestos is a fibrous mineral that was widely used in various industries for its fire-resistant and insulating properties. While the harmful effects of direct exposure to asbestos are well-known, the role of secondary asbestos exposure has recently come to light. Secondary asbestos exposure occurs when individuals who are not directly involved in asbestos-related work come into contact with asbestos fibers through contact with workers or materials contaminated with asbestos. This group includes family members of workers who carry asbestos fibers into their homes on their clothes and hair, as well as individuals who live or work near asbestos-related facilities.

Asbestos fibers can cause a range of serious health problems, including mesothelioma, lung cancer, and asbestosis. The role of secondary asbestos exposure in causing these diseases is increasingly being recognized, and efforts are being made to raise awareness and prevent such exposure. It is crucial to implement proper safety measures to prevent the spread of asbestos fibers and protect workers and the general public from exposure to this hazardous material.

Symptoms Of Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a rare but serious form of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, abdomen, and other organs. Early symptoms of mesothelioma may be mild and easily overlooked, but as the cancer progresses, symptoms can become more severe and debilitating. Some of the common symptoms of mesothelioma include shortness of breath, chest pain, persistent coughing, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, swelling, and constipation. Because mesothelioma is often diagnosed in its later stages, it is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing any of these symptoms, especially if you have a history of asbestos exposure.

Early detection and treatment can improve your chances of a positive outcome.

- Early Warning Signs

Early warning signs of mental health conditions can vary depending on the specific condition. Some common early warning signs that may indicate the presence of a mental health condition include changes in mood or behavior, difficulty sleeping, changes in appetite, feelings of sadness or hopelessness, difficulty concentrating, and loss of interest in activities that were previously enjoyed. It is important to seek professional help if you or someone you know is experiencing these or other symptoms of a mental health condition to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

- How Mesothelioma Is Diagnosed

Mesothelioma is often difficult to diagnose because its symptoms are similar to those of other respiratory diseases. Doctors usually start with a review of the patient's medical history and then conduct a physical exam, paying special attention to the lungs and chest area. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs, are commonly used to look for abnormalities in these areas. Biopsies, where a small tissue sample is taken from the affected area and examined under a microscope, are usually necessary to confirm a diagnosis.

Other diagnostic tests, such as blood tests and pulmonary function tests, may also be conducted to assess the severity of the disease and the patient's overall health. Since mesothelioma is often caused by exposure to asbestos, doctors may ask about the patient's work history and if they have been exposed to asbestos. A diagnosis of mesothelioma can be life-changing, but early detection can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms associated with mesothelioma or have been exposed to asbestos in the past.

- Differences Between Mesothelioma And Other Lung-Related Illnesses

Mesothelioma and other lung-related illnesses are two types of respiratory diseases that can have serious effects on a person's health. While both types of diseases affect the lungs, there are significant differences between the two. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that affects the lining of the lung, as well as other organs. It is usually caused by exposure to asbestos and can take decades to develop after exposure. Other lung-related illnesses, such as restrictive lung disease or lung cancer, may have different causes and symptoms.

Additionally, the treatment for these diseases may vary depending on the specific diagnosis. Knowing the differences between mesothelioma and other lung-related illnesses can help individuals make more informed decisions about their health, including whether they need to seek medical attention or treatment.

Treatment For Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, heart, or abdomen. It is caused by exposure to asbestos, a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in construction and other industries until the 1980s. Treatment for mesothelioma depends on several factors, including the stage of the cancer, the age and overall health of the patient, and the type and location of the tumor. Some common treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Surgery can be used to remove the tumor and surrounding tissue, while chemotherapy and radiation therapy can be used to kill cancer cells and shrink the tumor.

In some cases, a combination of these treatments may be used. Mesothelioma can be difficult to treat and may have a poor prognosis, but early detection and treatment can improve the chances of a positive outcome. It is important for anyone who has been exposed to asbestos to seek medical attention if they experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or unexplained weight loss.

- Surgery Options And Side Effects

Surgery is a medical procedure that can be used to treat a variety of conditions. There are many different types of surgeries available, each with its own set of benefits and risks. When considering a surgery, it is important to understand the different options available and the potential side effects associated with each. Some surgical options include laparoscopic surgery, open surgery, and robotic surgery. Common side effects of surgery can include pain, swelling, and scarring, as well as more serious risks such as infections or complications from anesthesia.

It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of each surgical option with your doctor to determine the best course of action for your individual needs.

- Types Of Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is a common treatment for many types of cancer. There are several different types of radiation therapy, and the type used will depend on the specific needs of the patient. The main types of radiation therapy include external beam radiation therapy, internal radiation therapy, and systemic radiation therapy.External beam radiation therapy uses a machine called a linear accelerator to deliver high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation to the cancerous area from outside the body.

This type of therapy is usually delivered in daily sessions over a period of several weeks.Internal radiation therapy, also known as brachytherapy, involves placing a radioactive source, such as a seed or wire, inside or next to the tumor. This allows a higher dose of radiation to be delivered directly to the cancerous area while minimizing exposure to nearby healthy tissue. This treatment can be delivered in a single session or over a period of days to weeks.Systemic radiation therapy involves giving a patient radioactive material in the form of a liquid or pill, which is then absorbed by the body and carried to the cancerous area.

This type of therapy is usually used to treat cancer that has spread to other parts of the body and can be administered orally or injected.In summary, radiation therapy is one of the most powerful tools we have to fight cancer, and there are several types of radiation therapy available to patients depending on their specific treatment needs.

- Chemotherapy Treatments And Response Rates

Chemotherapy is a common treatment for cancer that involves using drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be administered in a variety of ways, including intravenously, orally or topically. The effectiveness of chemotherapy treatments can vary widely depending on the type and stage of cancer, as well as individual factors such as age and overall health. In general, response rates to chemotherapy depend on the type of cancer and the stage at which it is diagnosed. High response rates are typically seen in cancers such as testicular cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and childhood leukemia, while response rates are typically lower in more advanced cancers such as pancreatic cancer.

It is important to work closely with a healthcare provider to determine the best treatment options for an individual's specific cancer diagnosis.

Coping With Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs or the abdomen. It is primarily caused by exposure to asbestos, a fibrous material that was commonly used in the construction and manufacturing industries until the late 20th century. Coping with mesothelioma can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. One of the primary difficulties with this disease is that it often develops slowly and may not be detected until it has reached an advanced stage. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, which can be difficult and time-consuming.

Additionally, many patients experience pain, fatigue, and other symptoms that can affect their quality of life. Coping strategies may include seeking support from family and friends, joining a support group, and working with healthcare professionals to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being. With the right care and support, it is possible for mesothelioma patients to maintain a good quality of life and continue to enjoy the things that matter most to them.

- Potential Lifestyle Modifications

Potential lifestyle modifications can have a significant impact on our overall well-being. Making changes to our diet, exercise habits, stress management, and sleep routine can all have positive effects on our physical health. For example, incorporating more nutrient-rich foods and reducing processed and sugary foods can improve our digestive health and help manage diabetes. Regular exercise can help reduce the risk of heart disease and promote healthy weight management. Practicing stress management techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing, can improve mental health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

Getting enough quality sleep can also have numerous health benefits, including improved cognitive function and a stronger immune system. By making these lifestyle modifications, we can work towards improving our overall health and well-being.

- Support Groups And Resources Available

Support groups and resources are available to help individuals and communities facing various challenges. These groups provide a forum for people to connect with others who understand their struggles and offer support that can help them cope with difficult situations. The resources available through these groups can provide guidance, assistance, and practical tips for navigating life's challenges.For example, individuals facing addiction can turn to support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous, which provide a community of people who have gone through similar experiences and can offer understanding and guidance.

Similarly, organizations such as NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) offer evidence-based treatment strategies to help individuals overcome addiction.Support groups are also available for individuals struggling with mental health issues. Groups such as the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) provide a safe and supportive environment where individuals can share their stories, connect with others, and find resources and information on coping strategies and treatment options.Furthermore, support groups and resources are available for individuals and communities facing a range of challenges such as grief, illness, and social isolation.

These groups offer a place of comfort and support, and can provide individuals with the tools and resources they need to navigate difficult times.In conclusion, support groups and resources play an important role in providing individuals and communities with the necessary tools and guidance to overcome challenges and improve their overall well-being. These resources offer a space for individuals to connect with others who have gone through similar experiences and provide the necessary support to help them cope and recover.

- Mental And Emotional Health For Patients And Loved Ones

Mental and emotional health are essential aspects of overall health and wellbeing. For patients and their loved ones, maintaining good mental and emotional health can be challenging, especially during times of illness or other difficult life events. Coping with a chronic illness or caring for a loved one who is ill can be emotionally taxing, often leading to increased stress, anxiety, and depression. It is important for individuals to seek support and help when needed, whether that be through seeking help from a mental health professional, connecting with a peer support group, or talking with family and friends.

Taking the time to prioritize mental and emotional health can lead to better overall health outcomes and improved quality of life for both patients and their loved ones.

Conclusion

In conclusion, mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that affects the mesothelium, a thin layer of tissue that surrounds the lungs, abdomen, and other internal organs. Exposure to asbestos, a naturally occurring mineral once widely used in construction and other industries, is the main cause of mesothelioma. Symptoms of mesothelioma can take decades to appear and include shortness of breath, chest or abdominal pain, and fatigue. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for mesothelioma, but treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy may help to improve quality of life and extend survival time.

It is important for those who have been exposed to asbestos to monitor their health closely and seek medical attention if they experience any symptoms associated with mesothelioma.

- Recap Of Important Points

In this paragraph, I will recap the important points that have been discussed. It is essential to remember that every process essay includes clear and straightforward narration , highlighting the main points and key supporting points . In writing a response or reaction paper, write an informative summary of the material by condensing the content of the work and highlighting its main points . Additionally, in summarizing a paragraph, it is important to capture the author's most important ideas and improve both reading and writing skills.

Separation of powers between branches of government , checks and balances, and the election of senators and representatives are some important ideas in Article I of the US Constitution. By incorporating bullet points, you can properly format a bulleted list and create a new paragraph style to speed up the writing process . Remember to jot down key things first , the most striking ones, and to look at the subjects from a different angle to incorporate your imagination . In conclusion, keeping these essential points in mind will help improve your writing skills and create an effective summary of any written material.

Last Word

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that develops in the thin layer of tissue that covers the majority of internal organs, known as the mesothelium. The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos fibers, which were commonly used in construction, manufacturing, and other industries before the health hazards associated with asbestos exposure were widely understood. Unfortunately, the symptoms of mesothelioma often do not appear until many years after exposure to asbestos, making early detection and treatment challenging.

While there is no cure for mesothelioma, there are a variety of treatment options available to help manage symptoms and prolong survival. Asbestos exposure continues to be a concern in many parts of the world, highlighting the importance of continued efforts to raise awareness of the dangers of asbestos and to implement effective measures to protect workers and the public from exposure.

IPhone 13, IPad Mini And All The Details Of Apple's Big Announcements Last Week

iPhone 13, iPad Mini and all the details of Apple's big announcements last week

iPhone 13, iPad Mini and all the details of Apple's big announcements last week

Update, Sept. 21: CNET reviewed the iPhone 13, Mini, Pro and Pro Max. Original story follows.

Apple's iPhone 13 event has been put to bed, and in it we got the expected iPhone 13 announcement, as well as a refreshed 10.2-inch iPad, a big upgrade for the iPad Mini and a new Apple Watch Series 7. There were a few small announcements, too. We saw some upcoming show previews for Apple TV Plus, including the new season of The Morning Show and fresh titles like Foundation, and a comedy series, The Problem With Jon Stewart. (Stewart joked they may need to add a comma to that title.)

We also got an announcement date for the release of the new mobile operating systems, iOS 15 and iPadOS 15: Sept. 20. Get ready to download and install them on your iPhone and iPad.

iPhone 13, Mini, Pro and Pro Max

Apple showed off a complete new line of iPhones. They all get updated to a new A15 Bionic chip, a six-core CPU with two high-performance cores, four high-efficiency cores and a quad-core GPU.

iPhone 13 Pro cameras — The iPhone 13 Pro has wide-angle, ultrawide and telephoto cameras.
Apple/Screenshot by Stephen Shankland/CNET

All the back cameras have been significantly upgraded with wider apertures and new video features. The buzziest is Cinematic mode, which will allow phones to have professional-level "rack focus" where you can slide between focus subjects gracefully in a video. You can also choose where to focus by tapping on the screen, or even holding down to lock focus on a subject.

iPhone 13 brings a new design and stylish colors. Here's what to know
iPhone 13: Apple adds larger battery, more storage, cinematic video mode
iPhone 13 Pro cameras: Why this pro photographer is excited
iPhone 13 cameras stand out with macro photography, cinematic video
iPhone 13 price and preorder: How and when to buy Apple's new phones
iPhone 13 Pro and Pro Max: 120Hz display, 3 new cameras and all the goodies
iPhone 13's starting storage is finally one we can recommend
iPhone 13 release date: All models will be available on Sept. 24
Apple's iPhone 13 Mini promises to be small but mighty
iPhone 13 Pro finally gets 1TB of storage for $1,499, 1TB Pro Max for $1,599
Here's which iPhones are getting lower prices, and which Apple will stop selling
iPhone 13 battery life: Your phone charge will last hours longer, Apple says
Apple touts iPhone 13's privacy features, but doesn't address spyware worries
iPhone 13 Pro gets Super Retina XDR display with ProMotion
iPhone gets 3x optical zoom for the first time
iPhone 13 will support 5G in 60 countries, work on over 200 carriers this year
Apple's iPad Mini sees a big upgrade: Support for USB-C charging
Apple's A15 Bionic chip powers iPhone 13 with 15 billion transistors

The iPhone 13 Pro camera now has a macro lens, able to shoot a subject from less than an inch away. Apple says it's also made improvements to the software that recognizes people's skin tones, and you can now apply tone and warmth filters that the camera will remember.

Apple says that despite the faster chip, 5G, better cameras and other features, the iPhone 13 has longer battery life than its predecessor. One way it does this is by shifting to LTE "when 5G speeds aren't needed."

Apple Event new iPhone 13 cameras — The iPhone 13 Pro's camera lenses exploded.
Apple/Screenshot by James Martin/CNET

Apple is also getting its device to rely on the internet less. Many Siri requests for example will stay on the device, a first in the 10 years since the voice assistant was first introduced.

The iPhone 13 Pro has a bigger battery, a new Super Retina XDR display with 1,000 nits of peak outdoor brightness, 25% higher than last year. And it can change frame rate on the fly, increasing frame rate to 120Hz when you need to match games and some video, but ramping it down to 10Hz when you don't.

Prices remain the same as the last generation. The iPhone 13 starts at $799 (£779, AU$1,349). The iPhone 13 Mini starts with double the capacity, 128GB, at $699 (£679, AU$1,199). You can also get a 512GB version now, which used to only be available on the Pro models. The iPhone 13 Pro will keep its $999 (£949, AU$1,699) starting price and the iPhone 13 Pro Max will start at $1,099 (£1,049, AU$1,849). Preorders open this Friday, Sept. 17, and the phone will appear in stores on Sept. 24.

Apple Watch Series 7

The new watch has a larger display, with 20% more screen area than the Series 6 and 50% more than Series 3. But the dimensions of the watch have barely changed, Apple says. And it has "softer, more rounded corners" with a "wraparound" feel on the sides.

Apple says it redesigned buttons in the software to make them easier to tap as well, and it can fit 50% more text on screen than last year's watch.

The newest Apple Watches now have a "crack-resistant front crystal," with a "more robust geometry" and IP6X certification for additional dust resistance over the earlier model.

It has a bunch of new colors, bands and even a new charger that's faster. Like the iPad, Apple says it's 100% recycled aluminum.

The Apple Watch Series 7 will be $399, with international prices yet to be announced. It's not coming until later this fall, though. Apple will also keep selling the Apple Watch Series 3 for $199 and last year's Apple Watch SE for $279.

Since launching last year, Apple's focused its $10 per month Fitness Plus service on getting you to sweat. But this year, it's adding a meditation option, which will include all sorts of different calmness, kindness and gratitude meditations. Just like Apple's other classes, it'll be updated weekly on your phone and watch.

Apple's always had hidden features to compete with friends in its motion and activity app, and now the company's adding group workouts too. In this case, you can start a workout with (or against) your friends from an iMessage chat conversation. Apple says up to 32 people can participate and you'll even know when friends are ahead of you in a bike class, for example.

Apple Event new iPad — The new iPad Mini.
Apple/Screenshot by James Martin/CNET

iPad and iPad Mini

The new 10.2-inch iPad incorporates the A13 Bionic chip, Apple says, which is 20% faster than the A12 "in every aspect of the chip from the CPU and GPU to the neural engine." (The iPhone 13 has the new A15 Bionic chip.) It has a larger display, with 20% more screen area than the Series 6 and 50% more than Series 3. The dimensions of the watch have barely changed, Apple says. And it has "softer, more rounded corners" with a "wraparound" feel on the sides.

But the Mini is the bigger upgrade.

It ditches the home button, and has thinner screen bezels to fit the larger 8.3-inch True Tone screen, which has an antireflective coating and a brightness of 500 nits. It also comes in an array of colors, including purple, pink, "starlight" (a light gray) and space gray.

It also has Touch ID built into the power button, just like last year's iPad Air.

Apple says that the iPad Mini upgrade means that all the company's iPads are now made from 100% recycled aluminum, as well as 100% recycled tin (for the solder). Apple says it uses 100% recycled rare earth elements in the enclosure magnets (though not everywhere).

Apple's iPads have always been portrait-oriented devices. The front-facing camera's always been at the top of the device when held vertically, and its speakers have always been at the bottom. With the iPad Mini, Apple's moved the selfie camera to the top of the landscape orientation, and added stereo speakers meant to be heard in landscape as well.

Apple Event iPad mini — The new iPad Mini's colors.
Apple/Screenshot by James Martin/CNET

Last year, Apple introduced faster 5G wireless to the iPhone. This year, it's adding the technology to all its iPads, starting with the iPad Pro in April. Now, the iPad Mini gets 5G, which Apple said can pull down 3.5 gigabits of data per second. It also gets a USB-C port like its iPad Pro big brothers.

The iPad starts at $329 (£319, AU$499) and the iPad Mini starts at $499 (£479, AU$749).

Our liveblog archive follows.

And that's it

11:31 a.m. PT

Apple closes with another tour through California landmarks. Like in its previous videos, it includes production health and safety info, including daily health screenings, face coverings "worn by everyone."

So when can you get it?

11:18 a.m. PT

The iPhone 13 Pro will keep its $999 starting price, and the iPhone 13 Pro Max will start at $1,099.

Preorders start Sept. 17 and ship Sept. 24.

iPhone 13 Pro as a video camera

11:12 a.m. PT

Apple pushed hard on the idea of using the iPhone 13 Pro as a professional-level video camera. It hired Oscar-winning film director Kathryn Bigelow to try it out, showing how well it handles low-light imagery.

iPhone 13 Pro camera upgrades

11:09 a.m. PT

Apple's updates for its wide and ultrawide allow for better low light performance, Apple says, and can also do macro photography -- shooting a subject as close as 2 centimeters away.

Apple says it's also made improvements to the software that recognizes people's skin tones, and you can now apply tone and warmth filters that the camera will remember.

iPhone 13 Pro and Pro Max

11:05 a.m. PT

Apple says it's the "most pro design," which is probably the most Apple thing I've heard the company say in a while.

It comes in four colors: silver, graphite, gold and "sierra blue."

The iPhone 13 Pro has a bigger battery, Apple added. And it includes a better GPU than the iPhone 13.

Apple said it's announcing a new "Super Retina XDR display" which has 1000 nits of peak outdoor brightness, 25% higher than last year. And it can change frame rate on the fly, increasing frame rate to 120Hz when you need, but ramping it down when you don't. In its demo, Apple showed it going down to 10Hz.

Better battery life

10:58 a.m. PT

Apple is also getting its device to rely on the internet less. Many Siri requests for example will stay on the device, a first in the 10 years since the voice assistant was first introduced.

Apple said it's keeping prices the same this year. iPhone 13 Mini starts at $699, with double the starting capacity to 128GB. (You can also get a 512GB version now, which used to only be available on the Pro models.)

A new automatic focus

10:52 a.m. PT

Apple said Cinematic Mode follows where the subject of a video looks, changing focus when they look away, and again when they look back.

Apple said you can also choose where to focus by tapping on the screen, or even holding down to lock focus on a subject. It's all shot in Dolby Vision HDR, Apple says, which is fancy talk for high end video formats.

Camera upgrades and Cinematic Mode

10:50 a.m. PT

Apple says its back cameras have gotten serious upgrades with the iPhone 13. The 12 megapixel camera can take in 47% more light, Apple says, with an F1.6 aperture.

The ultrawide camera has an F 2.4 aperture.

When it comes to video, Apple says it's adding "cinematic mode," which will allow phones to have professional-level "rack focus" where you can slide between focus subjects gracefully in a video. Apple of course created a demo "movie" to show it off.

iPhones get new A15 Bionic chip

10:45 a.m. PT

"Frankly, the competition is still playing catchup to our chips," Apple says. This year, the iPhone 13 gets A15 Bionic.

It has a 6-core CPU, with 2 high-performance cores and 4 high-efficiency cores. Apple says it's up to 50% faster than the leading competition. It also has a 4-core GPU, Apple says. It has 30% faster graphics than the competition.

iPhone 13 is here

10:40 a.m. PT

The new device has two rear lenses, arranged diagonally. It also comes in pink now, along with blue, "midnight," "starlight," and product red.

The antennas are made with recycled plastic water bottles, Apple says. And they have a sensor notch that's 20% smaller.

Apple Fitness Plus gets into group workouts

10:36 a.m. PT

Apple's always had hidden features to compete with friends in its motion and activity app, and now Apple's adding group workouts too. In this case, you can start a workout with (or against) your friends from an iMessage chat conversation.

Apple says up to 32 people can participate and you'll even know when friends are ahead of you in a bike class, for example.

Apple Fitness Plus adds meditation

10:35 a.m. PT

Apple Watch gets more durable

10:30 a.m. PT

Apple said its newest Apple Watches now have a "crack resistant front crystal," with a "more robust geometry."

It also has IP6X certification, which means it's duster resistant.

Of course, it has a bunch of new colors, bands and even a new charger that's faster.

Like the iPad, Apple says it's 100% recycled aluminum.

The Apple Watch Series 7 will be $399. Apple will also keep selling the Apple Watch Series 3 for $199, last year's Apple Watch SE for $279.

It's not coming until later this fall, though.

Apple Watch Series 7: a whole new design
Apple Watch 7 launches a full keyboard

Apple Watch Series 7 is real

10:27 a.m. PT

It has a larger display, with 20% more screen area than the Series 6 and 50% more than Series 3.

The dimensions of the watch have barely changed, Apple says. And it has "softer, more rounded corners" with a "wraparound" feel on the sides.

Apple says it redesigned buttons in the software to make them easier to tap as well, and it can fit 50% more text on screen than last year's watch.

100% Recycled Aluminum

10:23 a.m. PT

Apple said the iPad Mini upgrade means that all the company's iPads are now made from 100% recycled aluminum, as well as 100% recycled tin (for the solder). Apple says it uses 100% recycled rare earth elements in the enclosure magnets (not everywhere).

Apple finds landscape

10:19 a.m. PT

Apple's iPads have always been portrait-oriented devices. The front-facing camera's always been at the top of the portrait-oriented device. And its speakers have always been at the bottom.

With the iPad Mini, Apple's moved the selfie camera to the top of the landscape orientation, and adding stereo speakers meant to be heard in landscape as well.

It'll start at $499, more expensive than the $399 starting price for the previous generation

iPad Mini gets USB-C, 5G

10:18 a.m. PT

Last year, Apple introduced 5G superfast wireless to the iPhone. This year, it's adding the technology to its iPads. First, with the iPad Mini, which Apple said can pull down 3.5 gigabits per second. It also gets USB like its iPad Pro big brothers.

iPad Mini gets a big upgrade

10:14 a.m. PT

Tim Cook announced the new iPad Mini, which ditches the home button, and has thinner borders. It also comes in an array of colors: purple, pink, "starlight" and space gray.

Apple says it's 8.3 inches, and offers true tone, anti reflective coating, and 500 nits of brightness.

It also has Touch ID built into the power button, just like last year's iPad Air.

The new iPad Mini has a 40% jump in CPU performance, and 80% "leap" in GPU, Apple says.

Apple iPad gets refreshed for 2021 with an A13 chip, 12-megapixel camera, True Tone display

iPad updates

10:09 a.m. PT

Cook starts by talking about how strong the iPad business has been growing, up 40% in the past year.

"Today, it gets even better," he says.

The new iPad will include the A13 bionic chip, Apple says, which is 20% faster "in every aspect of the chip from the CPU and GPU to the neural engine."

Apple's Melody Kuna, a senior manager of iPad product design, says it's up to 3x faster than the best selling Chromebook and up to 6x faster than the best selling Android tablet.

It'll also include a better rear and front camera, she said.

Apple TV Plus

10:07 a.m. PT

Apple started by discussing his company's $5 per month video service, Apple TV Plus, showing off a bunch of previews for hit shows like Ted Lasso and The Morning Show, as well as upcoming titles like Foundation, and a comedy series, The Problem With Jon Stewart. (Stewart joked they may need to add a comma to that title.)

Love, California

10:04 a.m. PT

Tim Cook starts Apple's event with a video montage of all the things he says Apple loves about California. All its landmarks, singing people, it's definitely a fun place to start.

"California has always been a place for people with big ambitions and big dreams, a place where people are fueled with optimism to make things better, to make things that can change the world. It is such an important part of who we are at Apple, and inspires us in everything we create and do. We're proud to call California our home."

No more pop and rock

9:57 a.m. PT

Apple used to have a playlist prepared for its events with hit songs from hit groups like Coldplay all the way to little-known musicians who'd suddenly find fame in background of Apple ads and events. But ever since Apple started streaming its events amid the pandemic, it's switched to more artsy -- what I'll call corporate classical and pop music.

For what it's worth, I checked on Apple-owned Shazam to see if maybe this was an artist I'd never heard of. Nope -- Shazam hasn't heard it either. At least it's kinda catchy.

Our show has started

9:50 a.m. PT

Apple's event is nearly ready to begin, and CNET's live pre-show is running now at the top of this page. You can watch live as we discuss all the rumors and expected products. Also, get some insight into the minds of our great reviewers.

Spyware scare

9:17 a.m. PT

While we're all waiting to see what Apple releases, make sure you take this moment to update your iPhones, iPads and other Apple devices. Like, now. Go. I'll wait.

Apple put out a surprise update Monday that closes a security hole in a reported "zero-click" hack. This attack, which is tied to the Pegasus spyware reportedly used to spy on dissidents, world leaders and journalists, can be delivered through a text message. Supposedly, you can't do anything to stop when it arrives -- the hack goes into effect as soon as your phone receives the message. Apple's update closes that hole.

By the way, you can find out if you've been hacked using a free tool available online.

Will there be enough?

9:03 a.m. PT

It used to be that when new iPhones came out, people lined up around the block outside Apple Stores to be among the first to get their hands on the device. It would then typically be promptly sold out and nearly impossible to find for days or even weeks. Apple's gotten better at managing demand, and so many people buy online now that the dramatic iPhone lines are largely a thing of the past. But what of supply?

In the pandemic, we've learned that our international supply chains are rather fragile, and our reliance on overseas manufacturing has led to shortages of all sorts of products, from cars to video game consoles to garlic. So far, indications are Apple's been able to avoid these issues, in part thanks to its aggressive long-term planning. That doesn't mean you'll have easy access to an iPhone at launch, but it shouldn't be as hard to find as, say, a PlayStation 5.

There are rumors the Apple Watch on the other hand may have limited supplies at launch. But that's because of a non-pandemic problem. According to rumors, Apple struggled to get production going smooth in order to produce at high volume.

Unusual location

8:31 a.m. PT

Pretty much every virtual event Apple's held so far has been set on its multibillion dollar "spaceship" headquarters in Cupertino, California. But this time Apple CEO Tim Cook tweeted out a picture of a different location the company will be holding at least part of its event from: The desert.

It's a good bet this may be a reference to the rumored satellite emergency call capabilities being built into the next iPhones. We'll have to see.

Apple's new iPhone 13 line debuted Tuesday at Apple's September event, showing a tweaked design with a variety of new features for those upgrading from earlier iPhone models. The lineup consists of four new phones: the iPhone 13, the 13 Mini, the 13 Pro and the 13 Pro Max. The new phones will run iOS 15, come with a larger battery, more storage, a new A15 Bionic processor, a smaller notch and an abundance of new camera features. The base model of the iPhone 13 and 13 Mini are available in five colors: pink, blue, midnight (black), starligh t (white) and Product Red. The iPhone 13 Pro and 13 Pro Max will also get a giant camera upgrade as well as a new display with 120Hz high refresh-rate display.

Read on for our first take on Apple's iPhone 13 lineup and the answers to all of your questions about the phone's specs, features, design, price and how to get your hands on one yourself. Plus, here's everything we know about iOS 15, and here's what we know about a potential October Apple event.

How much will the iPhone 13 cost, and how much storage does it have?

The iPhone 13 price depends on which of the four variants you buy, how much storage you choose and whether you're purchasing through a carrier or unlocked. Here's everything to know about the iPhone 13 price structure and preorder details.

Without a carrier discount, the iPhone 13 starts at $829 (£779, AU$1,349) for 128GB, which is twice the storage of the base iPhone 12 model. The iPhone 13 Mini starts at $729 (£679, AU$1,199) for the same 128GB of storage. Like the iPhone 12, if you buy an iPhone 13 or 13 Mini tied to a US carrier, you'll receive a $30 discount.

The iPhone 13 Pro starts at $999 (£949, AU$1,699) and the 13 Pro Max at $1,099 (£1,049, AU$1,849) for 128GB of storage. For the first time, you have the option to get 1TB of storage on an iPhone. The extra storage is only available on the Pro models and pushes the iPhone 13 Pro Max's price to $1,599. Below is a breakdown of prices (without a carrier discount) and storage options.

iPhone 13 series US prices and storage

Model	128GB of storage	256GB of storage	512GB of storage	1TB of storage
iPhone 13 Mini	$729	$829	$1,029	N/A
iPhone 13	$829	$929	$1,129	N/A
iPhone 13 Pro	$999	$1,099	$1,299	$1,499
iPhone 13 Pro Max	$1,099	$1,199	$1,399	$1,599

Apple Event iPhone cameras — Apple/Screenshot by James Martin/CNET

What is the iPhone 13's screen size?

The four iPhone 13 models have the same size screens as the iPhone 12 series. The iPhone 13 Mini has a 5.4-inch display, the iPhone 13 and 13 Pro have a 6.1-inch screen, while the iPhone 13 Pro Max has a 6.7-inch display. All the new phones have brighter screens.

Does the iPhone 13 Pro have a 120Hz refresh rate?

Both Pro models now get a higher 120Hz refresh rate, which makes animations and scrolling look smoother and gaming more immersive. Android phones, whether they are expensive or not, commonly feature a high refresh rate screen. Up to now, the only Apple device to offer such a refresh rate was the iPad Pro, which uses an LCD screen instead of the OLED found on the iPhone 13 Pro and 13 Pro Max. Here's some more information on the iPhone 13's 120Hz refresh rate, ProMotion and why it may not work exactly the way you think.

How long does the iPhone 13 battery last?

Probably the most welcomed feature announced for the iPhone 13 is a bigger battery. Apple didn't share the size, but claims that the new battery along with iOS 15, the A15 chip and updated display adds 2.5 hours of battery life to the iPhone 13 (compared to the iPhone 12).

The iPhone 13 Mini should get an 1.5 hours more than the iPhone 12 Mini. That's a significant increase: The battery life on the iPhone 12 Mini was a compromise some people weren't willing to make. So it's exciting to see the new Mini get such a big bump in just a year.

Apple says that the Pro models should see a similar increase in battery life with the iPhone 13 Pro getting 2.5 hours more and the 13 Pro Max getting an additional 1.5 hours.

How many cameras does the iPhone 13 have?

The iPhone 13 and 13 Mini get an updated camera system, which is apparent from the new diagonal orientation of the two rear cameras. In fact, Apple says the new orientation is a result of making more room for a new sensor-based stabilization system -- which previously was only on the iPhone 12 Pro Max. (The cameras on the iPhone 12 were stacked vertically.)

All four models get an improved 12-megapixel main camera and a better ultrawide lens and sensor. The new hardware, along with the new A15 Bionic chip, means a handful of improvements and new features, including being able to capture 47% more light.

The iPhone 13 Pro also has a new triple-camera system with better lenses and sensors. The telephoto lens comes with 3x optical zoom, which is 1.5x longer than the camera on the iPhone 12 Pro and 1.2x longer than the tele lens on the 12 Pro Max. Take a look below at the different telephoto lenses the Pro models of the iPhone 13 and 12.

To put things in perspective, this is an enormous improvement for the iPhone, but it still pales in comparison to the telephoto cameras on the Galaxy S21 Ultra and phones from Huawei.

iPhone 13 Pro telephoto lens specs vs. 13 Pro, 12 Pro, 12 Pro Max

Model	Optical zoom	35mm lens equivalent
iPhone 13 Pro Max	3x	77mm
iPhone 13 Pro	3x	77mm
iPhone 12 Pro Max	2.5x	65mm
iPhone 12 Pro	2x	52mm

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